Pesquisa | SciELO

RESUMEN Objetivo. El objetivo fue desarrollar una herramienta para medir los niveles de adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral (la TARV) en un entorno de escasos recursos, a partir de la combinación de cuatro métodos de medición de adherencia. Métodos. Revisión retrospectiva de 500 expedientes médicos de personas que viven con VIH, elegidos de manera aleatoria desde octubre del 2017 hasta enero del 2020. Se midió la adherencia a la TARV combinando cuatro métodos de medición (porcentaje de cobertura de la TARV recetada, recogida de la TARV en farmacia, nivel de carga viral y autoinforme de adherencia). Se realizaron pruebas de chi al cuadrado con P <0,05 para diferencias estadísticamente significativas y regresión binaria logística para identificar probabilidades de adherencia óptima y subóptima. Realizamos pruebas de Spearman para correlación de categorías y alfa de Cronbach para medir la consistencia interna de la herramienta. Resultados. Obtuvimos 497 calificaciones de adherencia. De estas, 307 (61,8%) usuarios se calificaron como adherentes, 141(28,4%) como semiadherentes y 49 (9,8%) como no adherentes. Se encontró una mayor probabilidad de adherencia óptima en grupos de 60 años o más (odds ratio [OR]: 1,6; IC95%: 0,8-3,5) sin diferencia entre hombres y mujeres (OR: 0,9; IC95%: 0,7-1,4). La prueba de Spearman informó una relación (r = 0,8) entre los niveles de carga viral y la calificación final, y la prueba alfa de Cronbach arrojó una modesta consistencia interna (α = 0,7). Conclusiones. Se desarrolló una herramienta para medir adherencia en un entorno de escasos recursos. La herramienta presenta niveles modestos de consistencia interna y una correlación fuerte en la categoría de carga viral y adherencia.

ABSTRACT Objective. To develop a tool that measures levels of adherence to antiretroviral treatment (ART) in resource-poor settings, based on a combination of four methods for measuring adherence. Methods. Retrospective review of 500 medical records of people living with HIV, randomly selected from October 2017 to January 2020. Adherence to ART was measured by combining four measurement methods (coverage of prescribed ART, ART picked up at pharmacies, viral load, and self-reported adherence). Chi-squared tests were performed with p<0.05 for statistically significant differences and logistic binary regression to identify the probability of optimal and suboptimal adherence. Spearman tests were performed for correlation of categories, and Cronbach’s alpha was used to measure the internal consistency of the tool. Results. We obtained 497 adherence scores. Of these, 307 (61.8%) users qualified as adherent, 141 (28.4%) as semi-adherent, and 49 (9.8%) as non-adherent. A higher probability of optimal adherence was found in groups aged 60 years and older (odds ratio [OR]: 1.6; CI95%: 0.8–3.5), with no difference between men and women (OR: 0.9; CI95%: 0.7–1.4). Spearman’s test reported a relationship (r = 0.8) between viral load levels and final score, and Cronbach’s alpha yielded modest internal consistency (α = 0.7). Conclusions. A tool was developed to measure adherence to ART in a resource-poor environment. The tool shows modest levels of internal consistency and a strong correlation between viral load and adherence.

RESUMO Objetivo. Desenvolver uma ferramenta para medir os níveis de adesão à terapia antirretroviral (TARV) em um ambiente de poucos recursos, com base na combinação de quatro métodos de medição de adesão. Métodos. Revisão retrospectiva de 500 prontuários de pessoas que vivem com HIV, selecionadas aleatoriamente de outubro de 2017 a janeiro de 2020. A adesão à TARV foi medida pela combinação de quatro métodos (porcentagem de cobertura da TARV prescrita, coleta de TARV na farmácia, nível de carga viral e adesão autorrelatada). Foram realizados testes de qui-quadrado com P < 0,05 para diferenças estatisticamente significativas e regressão logística binária para identificar probabilidades de adesão ótima e subótima. Foram realizados testes de Spearman para a correlação de categorias e alfa de Cronbach para medir a consistência interna do instrumento. Resultados. Foram obtidos 497 índices de adesão. Entre eles, 307 (61,8%) usuários foram classificados como aderentes, 141 (28,4%) como semiaderentes e 49 (9,8%) como não aderentes. Foi encontrada maior probabilidade de adesão ótima nos grupos de 60 anos ou mais (odds ratio [OR]: 1,6; IC95%: 0,8-3,5), sem diferença entre homens e mulheres (OR: 0,9; IC95%: 0,7-1,4). O teste de Spearman constatou uma relação (r = 0,8) entre os níveis de carga viral e a pontuação final, e o teste alfa de Cronbach mostrou uma consistência interna modesta (α = 0,7). Conclusões. Foi desenvolvida uma ferramenta para medir a adesão em um ambiente de poucos recursos. A ferramenta apresenta níveis modestos de consistência interna e forte correlação de categoria entre carga viral e adesão.

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2022.207

The fruit of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) and its technological potential: an overview
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COSTA, Rebeca Desireé Souza da

; RODRIGUES, Antônio Manoel da Cruz

; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da

Food Science and Technology

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e82721

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Amazon hosts numerous fruit species, which are consumed by the local population and distributed by the local economy in the commerce markets, but most of them are unknown to the general population. Therefore, for a better understanding of the Amazon biome, the main objective of this review was to describe the physicochemical, nutritional and biological characteristics of the peach palm, highlighting its antioxidant potential. The peach palm tree is considered a polyvalent palm native to tropical Latin America, predominantly cultivated by small farmers in agroforestry systems, its fruits present high potential for functional food production because of the presence of bioactive compounds in its composition, and high nutritive value with considerable amounts of carbohydrates and lipids, as well as it provides an important source of vitamin A. Thus, an approach has been taken on the main topics for further studies that may benefit the industry and improve the local economy where these fruits are found. In view of this, the dissemination of works already performed with this fruit, strategically relevant, can stimulate new lines of research to consolidate this field for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.82721

Serological screening for Chagas disease in an endemic region of Northern Minas Gerais, Brazil: the SaMi-Trop project
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Cruz, Dardiane Santos

; Souza, Núbia Nunes de

; Rafael, Aline Ferreira

; Damasceno, Renata Fiuza

; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Pinho

; Oliveira, Léa Campos de

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

; Ghilardi, Fábio de Rose

; Cruz Neto, Ozorino Caldeira

; Ferreira, Ariela Mota

; Haikal, Desirée Sant’Ana

; Cardoso, Clareci Silva

; Oliveira, Claudia Di Lorenzo

; Bierrenbach, Ana Luiza

; Vieira, Thallyta Maria

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2021, Volume 63 elocation e67

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Chagas disease (CD) is still a neglected disease. Infected individuals are diagnosed late, being treated in worse clinical conditions. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the prevalence and the factors associated with new confirmed cases of CD identified by serological screening in an endemic region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. This is an analytical cross-sectional study with data from a project of the Research Center in Tropical Medicine of Sao Paulo- Minas Gerais (SaMi-Trop) conducted in two municipalities. Data collection included a questionnaire with closed questions, a venous blood collection and an ELISA serological test for CD. A total of 2,038 individuals with no previous diagnosis of CD participated in the study. The result of the serological test for CD was adopted as the dependent variable. The independent variables addressed personal issues, health conditions and lifetime housing. A descriptive analysis of individual variables was performed. Subsequently, a bivariate analysis was performed using the Pearson’s chi-square test. Households sheltering individuals positive for CD were georeferenced, and the analysis of spatial distribution was performed using the quartic function to estimate the density of the nucleus. Among the participants, 188 (9.2 %) were positive for CD. The profile of participants with CD was associated with place of residence, age, relative/family member with CD and living conditions. It is noteworthy that there are still patients with CD who are unaware of their diagnosis in both, rural and urban areas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202163067 113 downloads

Precauciones logísticas para la preparación y administración de inmunoterapia con alérgenos durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en México
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Larenas-Linnemann, Désirée

; Río-Navarro, Blanca E. Del

; Luna-Pech, Jorge

; Navarrete-Rodríguez, Elsy M.

; Pozo-Beltrán, César Fireth

; Arias-Cruz, Alfredo

; Costa-Domínguez, María del Carmen

; Rodríguez-González, Mónica

; Blandón-Vijil, María Virginia

; Estrada-Cardona, Alan

; Gereda, José E.

; Ortega-Martell, José Antonio

; Rodríguez-Pérez, Noel

; Rojo-Gutiérrez, María Isabel

; Espinosa-Rosales, Francisco Javier

; Martínez-Infante, Eric A.

Revista alergia México

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Jun 2020, Volume 67 Nº 2 Páginas 199 - 201

Resumo: Es | Texto: Es | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.29262/ram.v67i2.752 282 downloads

Resumen ejecutivo de ARIA 2019: vías integradas de atención para la rinitis alérgica en Argentina, España y México
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Ivancevich, Juan Carlos

; Cardona, Victoria

; Larenas Linnemann, Désirée

; Mullol, Joaquim

; Neffen, Hugo

; Zernotti, Mario

; Asayag, Estrella

; Blua, Ariel Eduardo

; Gómez, R. Maximiliano

; Jares, Edgardo

; Máspero, Jorge

; Anto, Josep M.

; Dedeu, Toni

; Rodríguez-González, Mónica

; Huerta-Villalobos, Yunuen Rocío

; Fuentes-Pérez, José Miguel

; Rodríguez-Zagal, Eréndira

; Valero, Antonio

; Bartra, Joan

; Alobid, Isam

; Castillo-Vizuete, José Antonio

; Dordal, Teresa

; Hijano, Rafael

; Picado, César

; Sastre, Joaquín

; Bedolla-Barajas, Martín

; Burguete-Cabañas, María Teresa

; Costa-Domínguez, María del Carmen

; Domínguez-Silva, Margarita

; Espinoza-Contreras, Jesús Guillermo

; Gálvez-Romero, José Luis

; García-Cobas, Cecilia Yvonne

; García-Cruz, María de la Luz Hortensia

; Hernández-Velázquez, Luiana

; Luna-Pech, Jorge A.

; Matta, Juan José

; Mogica-Martínez, María Dolores

; Rivero-Yeverino, Daniela

; Ruiz, Lucy Tania

; Río-Navarro, Blanca E. Del

; Gómez-Vera, Javier

; Macías-Weinmann, Alejandra

; Agache, Ionna

; Ansotegui, Ignacio

; Bachert, Claus

; Bedbrook, Anna

; Canonica, Giorgio Walter

; Casale, Thomas B.

; Cruz, Álvaro

; Fokkens, Wytske

; Hellings, Peter

; Samolinski, Bolesław

; Bousquet, Jean

Revista alergia México

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Dez 2019, Volume 66 Nº 4 Páginas 409 - 425

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The health and economic impact of allergic diseases are increasing rapidly, and changes in management strategies are required. Its influence reduces the capacity of work and school performance by at least a third. The ICPs of the airways (integrated care pathways for respiratory diseases) are structured multidisciplinary healthcare plans, promoting the recommendations of the guidelines in local protocols and their application to clinical practice. This document presents an executive summary for Argentina, Mexico, and Spain. Next-generation ARIA guidelines are being developed for the pharmacological treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR), using the GRADE-based guidelines for AR, tested with real-life evidence provided by mobile technology with visual analogue scales. It is concluded that in the AR treatment, H1-antihistamines are less effective than intranasal corticosteroids (INCS), in severe AR the INCS represent the first line of treatment, and intranasal combination INCS + anti-H1 is more effective than monotherapy. However, according to the MASK real-life observational study, patients have poor adherence to treatment and often self-medicate, according to their needs.

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

https://doi.org/10.29262/ram.v66i4.643 3239 downloads

Medición de drogas ilícitas en aguas residuales: estudio piloto en México
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Cruz-Cruz, Copytzy

; Vidaña-Pérez, Desireé

; Mondragón y Kalb, Manuel

; Martínez-Ruiz, María José

; Olaiz-Fernández, Gustavo

; Hernández-Lezama, Luis Fernando

; Hernández-Ávila, Mauricio

; Barrientos-Gutiérrez, Tonatiuh

Salud Pública de México

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Ago 2019, Volume 61 Nº 4 Páginas 461 - 469

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Objective: Monitor drug use through wastewater metabolite measurement. Materials and methods: Wastewater samples were obtained from 31 wastewater treatment plants and 95 sites with specific populations (38 schools, 42 units of addiction treatment and 15 penitentiaries). Using ultra high liquid chromatography, we measured nine metabolites from six drugs. Results: Eight out of nine drug metabolites were identified in the samples. Marijuana (THC-COOH), cocaine (benzoylecgonine) and methamphetamine were identified in schools, centers of addiction treatment and penitentiaries. Nuevo Laredo, Culiacan and Torreon had the highest consumption of cocaine, marijuana, amphetamine and methamphetamine. Conclusions: Monitoring drug use through wastewater is feasible in Mexico and could constitute a surveillance system to identify changes in the time.

Resumen: Objetivo: Monitorear el consumo de drogas a través de la medición de sus metabolitos en aguas residuales. Material y métodos: Se obtuvieron muestras de 31 plantas de tratamiento de agua residual y de 95 sitios con poblaciones específicas (38 escuelas, 42 unidades de tratamiento de adicciones y 15 centros de readaptación social). Usando cromatografía líquida de ultra-alta resolución, se midieron nueve metabolitos de seis drogas. Resultados: Ocho de nueve metabolitos de drogas fueron identificados en aguas residuales. Los metabolitos de marihuana (THC-COOH), cocaína (benzoilecgonina) y metanfetamina fueron identificados en escuelas, centros de readaptación social y de tratamiento de adicciones. En Nuevo Laredo, Culiacán y Torreón se encontraron los consumos per cápita más elevados de cocaína, marihuana, anfetamina y metanfetamina. Conclusiones: El monitoreo del uso de drogas a través de aguas residuales es factible en México y podría constituir un sistema de vigilancia para identificar cambios de su consumo en el tiempo.

https://doi.org/10.21149/9819 848 downloads

Medición de drogas ilícitas en aguas residuales: estudio piloto en México
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Cruz-Cruz, Copytzy

; Vidaña-Pérez, Desireé

; Mondragón y Kalb, Manuel

; Martínez-Ruiz, María José

; Olaiz-Fernández, Gustavo

; Hernández-Lezama, Luis Fernando

; Hernández-Ávila, Mauricio

; Barrientos-Gutiérrez, Tonatiuh

Salud Pública de México

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Ago 2019, Volume 61 Nº 4 Páginas 461 - 469

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.21149/9819

MASK (Mobile Airways Sentinel Network), a mobile App with ARIA’s comprehensive solution in Spanish-speaking countries
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Larenas-Linnemann, Désirée

; Mullol, Joaquim

; Ivancevich, Juan Carlos

; Anto, Josep M.

; Cardona, Victoria

; Dedeu, Toni

; Rodríguez-González, Mónica

; Huerta-Villalobos, Yunuen Rocío

; Neffen, Hugo

; Fuentes-Pérez, José Miguel

; Rodríguez-Zagal, Eréndira

; Valero, Antonio

; Zernotti, Mario

; Bartra, Joan

; Alobid, Isam

; Castillo-Vizuete, José Antonio

; Dordal, Teresa

; Hijano, Rafael

; Picad, César

; Sastre, Joaquín

; Blua, Ariel Eduardo

; Jares, Edgardo

; Lavrut, Alberto Jorge

; Máspero, Jorge

; Bedolla-Barajas, Martín

; Burguete-Cabañas, María Teresa

; Costa-Domínguez, María del Carmen

; Domínguez-Silva, Margarita

; Espinoza-Contreras, Jesús Guillermo

; Gálvez-Romero, José Luis

; García-Cobas, Cecilia Yvonne

; García-Cruz, María de la Luz Hortensia

; Hernández-Velázquez, Luiana

; Luna-Pech, Jorge A.

; Matta, Juan José

; Mogica-Martínez, María Dolores

; Rivero-Yeverino, Daniela

; Ruiz, Lucy Tania

; Río-Navarro, Blanca E. Del

; Gómez-Vera, Javier

; Macías-Weinmann, Alejandra

; Murray, Ruth

; Onorato, Gabrielle

; Laune, Daniel

; Bedbrook, Anna

; Bousquet, Jean

Revista alergia México

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Jun 2019, Volume 66 Nº 2 Páginas 263 - 268

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Although there are high quality clinical guidelines about allergic rhinitis, many patients receive deficient treatment, partly due to the high level of self-medication. MASK (Mobile Airways Sentinel Network) is an integral part of a project against chronic diseases which it is focused on active and healthy aging and is supported by the European Union. It forms the third phase of ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma) in which, through a mobile app on a smart device, the purpose is to guide patients in the control of their multimorbidity, allergic rhinitis or conjunctivitis, or asthma. The "Allergy Diary" app by MACVIA-ARIA is free and it is available for Android and iOS; on it, patients indicate how unpleasant the symptoms are on a daily basis through five screens with an analogous visual scale; two more screens were recently added (sleep affectation). With the app, it is also possible to download the information of the “Allergy Diary” on the physician’s computer through a QR code at the moment of the medical consultation. In this article, we review the first year of experience in Spain, Mexico and Argentina, where the Spanish version is used.

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https://doi.org/10.29262/ram.v66i2.628 404 downloads

MASK (Mobile Airways Sentinel Network). La solución integral de ARIA por app móvil para la multimorbilidad de rinitis alérgica y asma
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Larenas-Linnemann, Désirée

; Mullol, Joaquim

; Ivancevich, Juan Carlos

; Antó, Josep M.

; Cardona, Victoria

; Dedeu, Toni

; Rodríguez-González, Mónica

; Huerta, Yunuen

; Neffen, Hugo

; Fuentes-Pérez, José Miguel

; Rodríguez-Zagal, Eréndira

; Valero, Antonio

; Zernotti, Mario

; Bartra, Joan

; Alobid, Isam

; Castillo-Vizuete, José Antonio

; Dordal, Teresa

; Hijano, Rafael

; Picado, César

; Sastre, Joaquín

; Blua, Ariel Eduardo

; Jares, Edgardo

; Lavrut, Alberto Jorge

; Máspero, Jorge

; Bedolla-Barajas, Martín

; Burguete, María

; Costa, María del Carmen

; Domínguez-Silva, Margarita

; Espinoza-Contreras, Jesús Guillermo

; Gálvez-Romero, José Luis

; García-Cobas, Cecilia Yvonne

; García-Cruz, María de la Luz Hortensia

; Hernández-Velázquez, Luiana

; Luna-Pech, Jorge

; Matta, Juan José

; Mogica-Martínez, María Dolores

; Rivero-Yeverino, Daniela

; Ruiz-Segura, Lucy Tania

; Río-Navarro, Blanca Del

; Gómez, Javier

; Macías-Weinmann, Alejandra

; Murray, Ruth

; Onorato, Gabrielle

; Laune, Daniel

; Bedbrook, Anna

; Bousquet, Jean

Revista alergia México

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Mar 2019, Volume 66 Nº 1 Páginas 140 - 146

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The vast majority of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) do not receive the proper management which is recommended by the guidelines, but they frequently self-medicate. MASK (Mobile Airways Sentinel Network) is an integral part of a project that is supported by the European Union against chronic diseases and focused on active and healthy aging. MASK represents the third phase of ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma), in which, by using a mobile application in a smart device, the objective is to guide the patient in the control of his/her multi-morbidity, AR and/or allergic conjunctivitis (AC) and/or asthma. The mobile app Allergy Diary by MACVIA-ARIA is free and it is available for both Android and iOS platforms. After it is downloaded to the patient’s cell phone, it first requests some information about the patient’s profile, allergic pathologies and medication; afterwards, through a visual analog scale, the patient is invited to determine the degree of affectation in the nose, eyes, and bronchi, and its influence on their productivity at work / school. After analyzing the data generated by filling the Allergy Diary, it became clear there is a new clinical entity: allergic rhinitis+ allergic conjunctivitis +asthma, with greater effect; in addition to a high level of self-medication: in general, the patient takes medication on days when symptoms are present. The app has already been deployed in 23 countries, including several Spanish-speaking countries.

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https://doi.org/10.29262/ram.v66i1.578 1081 downloads

10.

Infección in vitro de cepas de Beauveria spp. sobre Globodera rostochiensis Wollenweber (1923)
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Cepeda-Siller, Melchor

; Garrido Cruz, Fabiola

; Castro Narro, Efraín

; Sánchez Peña, Sergio Rene

; Dávila Medina, Miriam Desireé

Acta universitaria

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Ago 2018, Volume 28 Nº 4 Páginas 25 - 30

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The golden nematode Globodera rostochiensis is one of the main problems in the potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.); its cysts can remain viable in the soil for up to 30 years. Chemical nematicides are used for its control; however, biopesticides are an effective alternative in the control of agricultural pests. Four strains of the fungus Beauveria spp. were isolated and evaluated at concentrations of 1 × 104, 1 × 105, 1 × 106 on cysts of G. rostochiensis. 72 h since the process began, the infection was observed on the cysts in all dilutions and all strains, but RH4 strain was the only one that infected the nematode in the egg stage at all concentrations. After 96 hours, infection was observed in the different strains on the juveniles, except the U9 that presented infection after 120 h. This proves that Beauveria spp. can be used for the control of G. rostochiensis.

Resumen El nematodo dorado Globodera rostochiensis es uno de los principales problemas en el cultivo de la papa (Solanum tuberosum L.), sus quistes pueden permanecer viables en el suelo hasta por treinta años. Para su control se utilizan nematicidas químicos, sin embargo, los bioplaguicidas son una alternativa eficaz en el control de plagas agrícolas. Se aislaron y evaluaron cuatro cepas del hongo Beauveria spp. a concentraciones de 1 × 104, 1 × 105, 1 × 106 sobre quistes de G. rostochiensis. La infección se registró a las 72 h con todas las concentraciones, de todas las cepas, sin embargo, la RH4 fue la única que infectó al nematodo en el estadio de huevo en todas las concentraciones. A las 96 horas se observó infección en las diferentes cepas, excepto la U9 que infectó hasta las 120 h. Comprobando con esto que Beauveria spp. puede ser utilizado para el control de G. rostochiensis.

https://doi.org/10.15174/au.2018.1714 655 downloads

11.

Toxicidad de extractos de Carya illinoinensis (Fágales: Junglandaceae) contra Meloidogyne incógnita (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) en tomate
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Cepeda-Siller, Melchor

; García-Calvario, José Miguel

; Hernández-Juárez, Agustín

; Ochoa-Fuentes, Yisa María

; Garrido-Cruz, Fabiola

; Cerna-Chávez, Ernesto

; Dávila-Medina, Miriam Desireé

Ecosistemas y recursos agropecuarios

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Abr 2018, Volume 5 Nº 13 Páginas 143 - 148

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT. Meloidogyne incógnita is important in tomato cultivation because of its ability to reduce fruit yield and quality. The objective was to evalúate the toxic activity of extracts from the pecan (Carya illinoinensis) nut shell and husk on the southern root-knot nematode (M. incógnita) in greenhouse-grown tomato plants. Plant extracts of pecan nut husk and shell were evaluated in seven treatments with four replications under a randomized complete block design, by assessing the population density of second-generation juveniles, and the efficiency of the treatments was determined. Applying pecan nut extracts on M. incógnita was found to have an effect, highlighted by the aqueous shell extracts with a 99 and 97% M. incógnita population reduction at concentrations of 1:50 and 1:75, followed by the ethanol husk extract with 87% at the 1:50 concentration and 71% at the 1:75 concentration.

RESUMEN. Meloidogyne incógnita es importante en el cultivo de tomate, por su capacidad para reducir el rendimiento y la calidad del fruto. El objetivo fue evaluar la actividad tóxica de extractos de cáscara y ruezno de nogal pecanero (Carya illinoinensis), sobre el nematodo agallador (M. incógnita) en plantas de tomate en invernadero. Se evaluaron los extractos vegetales de ruezno y cáscara de nogal pecanero en siete tratamientos con cuatro repeticiones bajo un diseño en bloques completos al azar, mediante la valoración de la densidad de población de juveniles de segunda generación, y se determinó la eficiencia de los tratamientos. Se encontró efecto de la aplicación de los extractos de nogal sobre M. incógnita; sobresaliendo los extractos de ruezno acuoso con 99 y 97% de reducción de la población en concentraciones 1:50 y 1:75; seguido del extracto de ruezno etanólico con 87% en la concentración 1:50 y 71% en la concentración 1:75.

https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a5nl3.1144 1073 downloads

12.

Efectividad biológica del nematicida Nemmax en el cultivo del cafeto (Coffea arabica L.)
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Cepeda-Siller, Melchor

; Cerna-Chávez, Ernesto

; Ochoa-Fuentes, Yisa María

; Dávila Medina, Miriam Desireé

; Garrido Cruz, Fabiola

; Hernández Juárez, Agustín

Revista mexicana de ciencias agrícolas

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Mar 2018, Volume 9 Nº 2 Páginas 459 - 464

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Phytoparasitic nematodes are one of the main pathogens that affect the cultivation of coffee trees (Coffea arabica L.), reducing the yield between 10 and 70%. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biological effectiveness of the nematicide of biological origin Nemmax, for the control of Meloidogyne incognita, Pratylenchus spp. and Dorylaimus spp., associated to this crop in Motozintla, Chiapas, in 2014. Two population samplings were carried out, one prior to the application of treatments, and another one to the 120 days later, obtaining the number of nematodes in 100 g of floor. The Nemmax treatments (at doses of 2, 4 and 6 L ha with 3 applications), Nemacur 400 CE (Fenamiphos) (3 L has one application) and an absolute control. In the control of Meloidogyne incognita, a significant difference was observed in treatment 5 (133.2), which represents the control, since an increase in the population of the nematodes was observed, compared with the other treatments, which were statistically equal, presenting the same differences for Pratylenchus spp. With the nematode Dorylaimus spp., statistical differences were presented, with treatment 5 (249.6) with the greatest difference, 4 (18), 1 (8.2), 2 (6) and 3 (3.4). Treatment 3, of Nemmax at a dose of 6 L/ha was the one that presented the lowest population of the filiform nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne incognita, Pratylenchus spp. and Dorylaimus spp.

Resumen Los nematodos fitoparásitos constituyen uno de los principales patógenos que afectan el cultivo del cafeto (Coffea arabica L.), reduciendo el rendimiento entre 10 y 70 %. El objetivo de este estudio, fue evaluar la efectividad biológica del nematicida de origen biológico Nemmax, para el control de Meloidogyne incognita, Pratylenchus spp. y Dorylaimus spp., asociados a este cultivo en Motozintla, Chiapas, en el año 2014. Se realizaron dos muestreos poblacionales, uno previo a la aplicación de tratamientos, y otro a los 120 días posteriores, obteniendo el número de nematodos en 100 g de suelo. Los tratamientos Nemmax (a dosis de 2, 4 y 6 L ha con 3 aplicaciones), Nemacur 400 CE (Fenamifos) (3 L ha-1 una aplicación) y un testigo absoluto. En el control de Meloidogyne incognita, se observó diferencia significativa en el tratamiento 5 (133.2), que representa al testigo, ya que se observó un incremento en la población de los nematodos, comparado con los demás tratamientos, los cuales fueron iguales estadísticamente, presentándose las mismas diferencias para Pratylenchus spp. Con el nematodo Dorylaimus spp., se presentaron diferencias estadísticas, siendo el tratamiento 5 (249.6) con mayor diferencia, 4 (18), 1 (8.2), 2 (6) y 3 (3.4). El tratamiento 3, de Nemmax a dosis de 6 L ha-1 fue el que presentó la menor población de los nematodos filiformes del género Meloidogyne incognita, Pratylenchus spp. y Dorylaimus spp.

https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v9i2.1085 1696 downloads

13.

Comportamento reológico de suco misto elaborado com frutas tropicais
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Bezerra, Carolina Vieira

; Silva, Luiza Helena Meller da

; Costa, Rebeca Desireé Sousa da

; Mattietto, Rafaella de Andrade

; Rodrigues, Antonio Manoel da Cruz

Brazilian Journal of Food Technology

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Jun 2013, Volume 16 Nº 2 Páginas 155 - 162

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Neste trabalho, foi determinado o comportamento reológico do suco misto obtido a partir de uma mistura de frutas tropicais, mediante um viscosímetro de cilindros concêntricos, no intervalo de temperatura de 10 ºC a 60 ºC. Os modelos Lei da Potência e Mizrahi-Berk foram ajustados aos dados experimentais. Os modelos mostraram-se adequados para descrever o comportamento reológico do suco misto, de acordo com os parâmetros estatísticos de ajuste. O produto apresentou índice de comportamento menor do que 1 (um), caracterizando a pseudoplasticidade do suco. Os índices de comportamento de consistência decresceram com o aumento da temperatura. O efeito da temperatura no comportamento reológico do suco foi descrito por uma equação análoga à de Arrhenius e discutida em termos de energia de ativação (Ea). Os valores de Ea variaram de 4,27 a 4, 66 kcal.gmol-1, com o aumento da taxa de deformação.

The rheological properties of a juice blend obtained from a tropical fruit mix were determined in this work using a rotational viscosimeter at temperatures from 10 ºC to 60 ºC. The Power law and Mizrahi-Berk models were fitted to the experimental data. All the models were considered adequate to describe the rheological properties of the juice blend according to the fitted statistical parameters. The behaviour index of the product was below 1.0, indicating the pseudoplasticity of the juice. The behaviour indexes for consistency were found to decrease with increase in temperature. The effect of temperature on the rheological behaviour of the juice was described by an Arrhenius type equation and discussed in terms of the activation energy (Ea). The values for Ea varied from 4.27 to 4.66 kcal.gmol-1 with increases in shear rate.

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